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什么是人工智能？

根据斯坦福大学研究员约翰麦卡锡的说法，“人工智能是制造智能机器的科学和工程，尤其是智能计算机程序。人工智能与使用计算机理解人类智能的类似任务有关，但人工智能不必将自己局限于生物学可观察的方法。”

简而言之，人工智能的目标是使计算机/计算机程序足够智能以模仿人类的思维行为。

知识工程是人工智能研究的重要组成部分。机器和程序需要拥有与世界相关的丰富信息，才能经常像人类一样行动和反应。AI 必须能够访问所有属性、类别、对象和它们之间的关系，以实现知识工程。人工智能在机器中启动常识、解决问题和分析推理的能力，这是一项非常困难和乏味的工作。

人工智能服务可分为纵向或横向人工智能

什么是垂直人工智能？

这些服务专注于单一工作，无论是安排会议、自动化重复性工作等。垂直 AI Bots 只为您执行一项工作，并且做得非常好，以至于我们可能会将它们误认为是人类。

什么是横向人工智能？

这些服务能够处理多项任务。没有单一的工作要做。Cortana、Siri 和 Alexa 是 Horizo​​ntal AI 的一些例子。这些服务作为问答设置的作用更大，例如“纽约的温度是多少？” 或“呼叫亚历克斯”。它们适用于多项任务，而不仅仅是完全适用于特定任务。

人工智能是通过分析人类大脑在解决问题时的工作方式，然后使用该分析问题解决技术构建复杂算法来执行类似任务来实现的。AI 是一个自动化决策系统，它会不断地自动学习、适应、建议和采取行动。从本质上讲，他们需要能够从他们的经验中学习的算法。这就是机器学习出现的地方。

什么是机器学习？

人工智能和机器学习是当今的趋势和混淆的术语。机器学习 (ML) 是人工智能的一个子集。ML 是一门设计和应用算法的科学，这些算法能够从过去的案例中学习。如果过去存在某些行为，那么您可以预测它是否会再次发生。意味着如果没有过去的案例，那么就没有预测。

ML 可用于解决信用卡欺诈检测、自动驾驶汽车以及人脸检测和识别等棘手问题。ML 使用复杂的算法，不断迭代大型数据集，分析数据中的模式，并促进机器响应尚未明确编程的不同情况。机器从历史中学习以产生可靠的结果。ML 算法使用计算机科学和统计学来预测理性输出。

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We Will Work On Real World Data Science And Machine Learning Case studies, Projects with python

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Build Classification Models
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Description
WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE?

According to Stanford Researcher, John McCarthy, “Artificial Intelligence is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs. Artificial Intelligence is related to the similar task of using computers to understand human intelligence, but AI does not have to confine itself to methods that are biologically observable.”

Simply put, AI’s goal is to make computers/computer programs smart enough to imitate the human mind behaviour.

Knowledge Engineering is an essential part of AI research. Machines and programs need to have bountiful information related to the world to often act and react like human beings. AI must have access to properties, categories, objects and relations between all of them to implement knowledge engineering. AI initiates common sense, problem-solving and analytical reasoning power in machines, which is much difficult and a tedious job.

AI services can be classified into Vertical or Horizontal AI

What is Vertical AI?

These are services focus on the single job, whether that’s scheduling meeting, automating repetitive work, etc. Vertical AI Bots performs just one job for you and do it so well, that we might mistake them for a human.

What is Horizontal AI?

These services are such that they are able to handle multiple tasks. There is no single job to be done. Cortana, Siri and Alexa are some of the examples of Horizontal AI. These services work more massively as the question and answer settings, such as “What is the temperature in New York?” or “Call Alex”. They work for multiple tasks and not just for a particular task entirely.

AI is achieved by analysing how the human brain works while solving an issue and then using that analytical problem-solving techniques to build complex algorithms to perform similar tasks. AI is an automated decision-making system, which continuously learn, adapt, suggest and take actions automatically. At the core, they require algorithms which are able to learn from their experience. This is where Machine Learning comes into the picture.

WHAT IS MACHINE LEARNING?

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning are much trending and also confused terms nowadays. Machine Learning (ML) is a subset of Artificial Intelligence. ML is a science of designing and applying algorithms that are able to learn things from past cases. If some behaviour exists in past, then you may predict if or it can happen again. Means if there are no past cases then there is no prediction.

ML can be applied to solve tough issues like credit card fraud detection, enable self-driving cars and face detection and recognition. ML uses complex algorithms that constantly iterate over large data sets, analyzing the patterns in data and facilitating machines to respond different situations for which they have not been explicitly programmed. The machines learn from the history to produce reliable results. The ML algorithms use Computer Science and Statistics to predict rational outputs.